The purpose of log barking is a removal of bark from wood.

        Block ripping for wainscots is carried out depending on a section shape and diameter of a log, from which the block is sawn, availability of cracks and knots, stresses inside the block as well as the desired view of the veneer texture to be obtained.

Moisture and heat treatment of wainscots prior to veneer slicing is performed for increasing the timber elasticity and is carried out by means of steaming in autoclave or pulping in a basin with water, heated up to a certain temperature.

          Wainscot removal is performed in order to completely remove unclean bark residues, for example, inside trunk cavities, and sand, which is inside them, that later will enable to avoid damages and premature blunting of a slicing blade.

 

         Veneer slicing is a process of wood cross-cutting in order to obtain veneer sheets. 

        Depending on a slicing direction as to annular rings, a veneer texture figure will be the following:

•          radial (R) with annular rings having a shape of direct parallel lines, located all over the sheet surface, and wood rays having a shape of stripes, located at not less than 3/4 of the sheet area;

•         half radial (HR) with annular rings having a shape of direct parallel lines, located at not less than 3/4 of the sheet area; wood rays of the sheet have a shape of tilt and longitudinal stripes, located at not less than 1/2 of the sheet area;

•         tangential (Т) with annular rings having a shape of a apical cone, which is cut parallel to axis, angles or curved lines, and wood rays having a shape of longitudinal and tilt strokes and lines;

•         tangential and end (TE) with annular rings having a shape of closed curved lines and wood rays having a shape of curved lines and strokes.

Veneer drying is a process of moisture removal from wood to a required value by means of evaporation. After drying veneer, depending on its texture, is formed in packs of 24 or 32 sheets.

     Rough cutting of veneer packs is carried out by their consequent cutting from four sides in order to remove veneer defects and also to align pack sides. Packs are marked by sticking labels on them mentioning the quantity of veneer in a pack (expressed in square meters), quantity of veneer sheets, pack length, pack width, log number, pack number etc.

Veneer grading is carried out taking into account wood species, length and width of veneer packs, texture types and defect availability (namely, knots) in veneer.